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The world of Golf

But, pay attention, golf is anything but a static sport and it requires a good physical training which is absolutely necessary in order to execute exact and powerful shots but also to prevent injures and accidents. The SWING, the swinging of the club which comes before and accompany the shot, requires great coordination and strength in order to throw the golf ball at a long distance with the maximum accuracy. A round typically consists of 18 holes, but there are also 9 holes rounds with walks of 4 hours in fascinating, beautiful and natural places. This is the most played sport in the world and at present, it is also spreading here in Italy. Regions, provinces and societies have understood that this sport is an important business if it is exploited in the right way.

Also in the Mediterranean area have to be mentioned the good investments made by Portugal, Morocco and Turkey have to be mentioned; they understood the importance of this game for tourism. Also in these nations, the technology is changing materials and design of equipment and big companies are investing a lot of money in this sport.

Below you will find a handbook vocabulary in order to help you entering in this wonderful world.

CASUAL WATER: it is any kind of temporary stagnation of water on the game field, which is visible before and after the player has taken the feet position and he is not within the boundaries of a water obstacle.

OUTSIDE AGENCY: an outside agency is someone or something that is not part of the match, or, in stroke competitions something which doesn’t concern the player (referee, scorer, observer, caddie and forecaddie)

BURROWING ANIMAL: a burrowing animal is an animal that makes a hole for habitation or shelter, such as a rabbit, mole, groundhog, gopher or salamander.

REFEREE: a referee is one who is appointed by the Committee to accompany players to decide questions of fact and apply the rules.

STARTING AREA: the starting area is the area from we start to play.

FLAGSTICK: the flagstick is a movable straight indicator, with or without bunting or other material attached, centered in the hole to show its position.

HOLE: the hole’ must be 41/4 inches (10.8 cm) in diameter and at least 4 inches (11.6 cm) deep.

BUNKER : a bunker is a hazard consisting of a prepared area of ground, often a hollow, from which turf or soil has been removed and replaced with sand or the like.

COURSE: The course is the whole area within the match is permitted.

STROKE: a stroke is the forward movement of the club made with the intention of striking at and moving the ball.

PENALTY STROKE: a penalty stroke is one added to the score of a player or side under certain Rules.

COMMITTEE: the Committee is the committee in charge of the competition or, if the matter does not arise in a competition, the committee in charge of the course.

COMPETITOR: a competitor is a player in a stroke play competition.

ABNORMAL GROUND CONDITIONS: an abnormal ground condition is any casual water, ground under repair or hole, cast or runway on the course made by a burrowing animal, a reptile or a bird.

ADVICE: Advice is any counsel or suggestion that could influence a player in determining his play, the choice of a club or the method of making a stroke.

RUB OF THE GREEN: A rub of the green occurs when a ball in motion is accidentally deflected or stopped by any outside agency.

EQUIPMENT: equipment is anything used, worn or carried by or for the player except any ball he has played at the hole being played and any small object, such as a coin or a tee, when used to mark the position of a ball or the extent of an area in which a ball is to be dropped.

OUT OF BOUNDS: Out of bounds is beyond the boundaries of the course or any part of the course so marked by the Committee.

STIPULATED ROUND: the stipulated round consists of playing the holes of the course in their correct sequence unless otherwise authorized by the Committee. The number of holes in a stipulated round is 18 unless a smaller number is authorized by the Committee.

PUTTING GREEN: the putting green is all ground of the hole being played that is specially prepared for putting or otherwise defined as such by the Committee

WRONG PUTTING GREEN: a wrong putting green is any putting green other than that of the hole being played.

LOOSE IMPEDIMENTS: loose impediments are natural objects including: stones, leaves, twigs, branches and the like, dung, and  worms and insects and casts or heaps made by them, provided they are not:  fixed or growing, solidly embedded, or adhering to the ball.

LINE OF PLAY: the line of play is the direction that the player wishes his ball to take after a stroke

LINE OF PUTT: the line of putt is the line that the player wishes his ball to take after a stroke on the putting green.

MARKER: a marker is one who is appointed by the Committee to record a competitor’s score in stroke play. He is not a referee.

HONOR: the player who is to play first from the teeing ground is said to have the honor.

OBSERVER: an observer is one who is appointed by the Committee to assist a referee to decide questions of fact and to report to him any breach of a Rule.

OBSTACLES: an obstacle is any bunker or water obstacle

WATER HAZARD: a water hazard is any sea, lake, pond, river, ditch, surface drainage ditch or other open water course (whether or not containing water) and anything of a similar nature on the course.
Stakes or lines used to define a water hazard must be yellow.
Stakes or lines used to define a lateral water hazard must be red.

OBSTRUCTIONS: an obstruction is anything artificial, including the artificial surfaces and sides of roads and paths and manufactured
ice, except:
a) Objects defining out of bounds, such as walls, fences, stakes and railings;
b) Any part of an immovable artificial object that is out of bounds; and
c) Any construction declared by the Committee to be an integral part of the course.

BALL IN PLAY: a ball is in play as soon as the player has made a stroke on the teeing ground. It remains in play until it is holed.

HOLED: a ball is holed when it is at rest within the circumference of the hole and all of it is below the level of the lip of the hole.

MOVE OR MOVED: a ball is deemed to have “moved’’ if it leaves its position and comes to rest in any other place.

LOST BALL: a ball is deemed lost if:
a) It is not found or identified as his by the player within five minutes after the player’s side or his or their caddies have begun to search for it; or
b)The player has made a stroke at a substituted ball; or
c)The player has made a stroke at a provisional ball from the place where the original ball is likely to be or from a point nearer the hole than that place.

PROVISIONAL BALL: a provisional ball is a ball played under Rule 27-2 for a ball that may be lost outside a water hazard or may be out of bounds.

WRONG BALL: a wrong ball is any ball other than the player’s:
a) ball in play,
b) provisional ball, or
c)second ball played under Rule 3-3 or Rule 20-7c in stroke play;

MATCHES:
a)Single: A match in which one plays against another.
b)Threesome: A match in which one plays against two, and each side plays one ball.
c)Foursome: A match in which two play against two, and each side plays one ball.
d)Three-Ball: A match-play competition in which three play against one another, each playing his own ball. Each player is playing two distinct matches.
e)Best-Ball: A match in which one plays against the better ball of two or the best ball of three players.
f) Four-Ball: A match in which two play their better ball against the better ball of two other players.

PARTNER: a partner is a player associated with another player on the same side.

COURSE: the course is the whole area of play except for:

a)the starting area and the green where you are playing all the obstacles on the playing field.

CADDIE: a caddie is one who assists the player in accordance with the Rules, which may include carrying or handling the player’s clubs during play.
 
STANCE: taking the “stance’’ consists in a player placing his feet in position for and preparatory to making a stroke.